| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
From the Departments of Radiology (J.L.W., M.M.S., C.R.J.), Biostatistics (S.A.P., S.D.W.), and Neurology (Behavioral Neurology) (D.S.K., B.F.B., R.C.P.), Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Clifford R. Jack Jr., Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 jack.clifford{at}mayo.edu
Objective: To compare the patterns of gray matter loss in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) who progress to Alzheimer disease (AD) within a fixed clinical follow-up time vs those who remain stable.
Methods: Twenty-one subjects with aMCI were identified from the Mayo Clinic Alzheimer's research program who remained clinically stable for their entire observed clinical course (aMCI-S), where the minimum required follow-up time from MRI to last follow-up assessment was 3 years. These subjects were age- and gender-matched to 42 aMCI subjects who progressed to AD within 18 months of the MRI (aMCI-P). Each subject was then age- and gender-matched to a control subject. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to assess patterns of gray matter atrophy in the aMCI-P and aMCI-S groups compared to the control group, and compared to each other.
Results: The aMCI-P group showed bilateral loss affecting the medial and inferior temporal lobe, temporoparietal association neocortex, and frontal lobes, compared to controls. The aMCI-S group showed no regions of gray matter loss when compared to controls. When the aMCI-P and aMCI-S groups were compared directly, the aMCI-P group showed greater loss in the medial and inferior temporal lobes, the temporoparietal neocortex, posterior cingulate, precuneus, anterior cingulate, and frontal lobes than the aMCI-S group.
Conclusions: The regions of loss observed in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) who progressed to Alzheimer disease (AD) within 18 months of the MRI are typical of subjects with AD. The lack of gray matter loss in subjects with aMCI who remained clinically stable for their entire observed clinical course is consistent with the notion that patterns of atrophy on MRI at baseline map well onto the subsequent clinical course.
GLOSSARY: AD = Alzheimer disease; ADNI = Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; ADPR = Alzheimer's Disease Patient Registry; ADRC = Mayo Clinic Alzheimer's Disease Research Center; aMCI = amnestic mild cognitive impairment; APOE e4 = apolipoprotein epsilon 4; AVLT = Auditory Verbal Learning Test; CDR-SB = CDR sum of boxes; DCT = discrete cosine transformation; FDR = false discovery rate; FWHM = full-width at half-maximum; GM = gray matter; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; MNI = Montreal Neurological Institute; NIA = National Institute on Aging; TIV = total intracranial volume; VBM = voxel-based morphometry; WM = white matter; WMH = white matter hyperintensity.
e-Pub ahead of print on September 26, 2007, at www.neurology.org.
Supported by grants P50 AG16574, U01 AG06786, R01 AG11378 from the National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, and the generous support of the Robert H. and Clarice Smith and Abigail Van Buren Alzheimer's Disease Research Program of the Mayo Foundation, USA.
Disclosure: D.S.K. has been a consultant to GE HealthCare, GlaxoSmithKline, and Myriad Pharmaceuticals, has served on a Data Safety Monitoring Board for Neurochem Pharmaceuticals, and is an investigator in a clinical trial sponsored by Elan Pharmaceuticals. R.C.P. has been a consultant to GE Healthcare and is on a Treatment Effects Monitoring Committee for a clinical trial sponsored by Elan Pharmaceuticals. B.B. is an investigator in a clinical trial sponsored by Myriad Pharmaceuticals. C.R.J. receives research support in the form of research grants from Pfizer.
Received March 16, 2007. Accepted in final form July 2, 2007.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  Y.-L. Chang, M. W. Jacobson, C. Fennema-Notestine, D. J. Hagler Jr, R. G. Jennings, A. M. Dale, L. K. McEvoy, and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Level of Executive Function Influences Verbal Memory in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Predicts Prefrontal and Posterior Cingulate Thickness Cereb Cortex, September 23, 2009; (2009) bhp192v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. R. McDonald, L. K. McEvoy, L. Gharapetian, C. Fennema-Notestine, D. J. Hagler Jr, D. Holland, A. Koyama, J. B. Brewer, A. M. Dale, and For the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiativ Regional rates of neocortical atrophy from normal aging to early Alzheimer disease Neurology, August 11, 2009; 73(6): 457 - 465. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. K. McEvoy, C. Fennema-Notestine, J. C. Roddey, D. J. Hagler Jr, D. Holland, D. S. Karow, C. J. Pung, J. B. Brewer, and A. M. Dale Alzheimer Disease: Quantitative Structural Neuroimaging for Detection and Prediction of Clinical and Structural Changes in Mild Cognitive Impairment Radiology, April 1, 2009; 251(1): 195 - 205. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Bakkour, J. C. Morris, and B. C. Dickerson The cortical signature of prodromal AD: Regional thinning predicts mild AD dementia Neurology, March 24, 2009; 72(12): 1048 - 1055. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Rottenberg Thin skin: The cortical signature of prodromal AD? Neurology, March 24, 2009; 72(12): 1038 - 1039. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W.J.P. Henneman, J. D. Sluimer, J. Barnes, W. M. van der Flier, I. C. Sluimer, N. C. Fox, P. Scheltens, H. Vrenken, and F. Barkhof Hippocampal atrophy rates in Alzheimer disease: Added value over whole brain volume measures Neurology, March 17, 2009; 72(11): 999 - 1007. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. C. Dickerson, A. Bakkour, D. H. Salat, E. Feczko, J. Pacheco, D. N. Greve, F. Grodstein, C. I. Wright, D. Blacker, H. D. Rosas, et al. The Cortical Signature of Alzheimer's Disease: Regionally Specific Cortical Thinning Relates to Symptom Severity in Very Mild to Mild AD Dementia and is Detectable in Asymptomatic Amyloid-Positive Individuals Cereb Cortex, March 1, 2009; 19(3): 497 - 510. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Desikan, B. Fischl, H. J. Cabral, T. L. Kemper, C.R.G. Guttmann, D. Blacker, B. T. Hyman, M. S. Albert, and R. J. Killiany MRI measures of temporoparietal regions show differential rates of atrophy during prodromal AD Neurology, September 9, 2008; 71(11): 819 - 825. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Jagust Is amnestic mild cognitive impairment always AD? Neurology, February 12, 2008; 70(7): 502 - 503. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
