| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
From the Section of Geriatric Psychiatry (Dr. Aarsland), Rogaland Psychiatric Hospital, and the Department of Neurology (Dr. Larsen), Central Hospital of Rogaland, Stavanger, Norway; and the Departments of Psychiatry (Drs. Andersen, Lolk, and Kragh-Sørensen) and Neurology (Dr. Nielsen), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Dag Aarsland, Section of Geriatric Psychiatry, Rogaland Psychiatric Hospital, PO Box 1163 Hillevåg, N-4095 Stavanger, Norway; e-mail: aarsland{at}netpower.no
OBJECTIVE: To calculate the incidence of and determine possible risk factors for dementia in PD.
BACKGROUND: Dementia has important clinical consequences for patients with PD and their caregivers, but the incidence is unknown.
METHODS: A population-based cohort of nondemented patients with PD (n = 171) from the county of Rogaland, Norway, was assessed at baseline and 4.2 years later with a comprehensive evaluation of motor, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. The diagnosis of dementia was made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd edition, revised (DSM-III-R) criteria, based on interview of the patient and a caregiver, cognitive rating scales, and neuropsychologic tests. A representative sample of 3,062 nondemented elderly subjects without PD served as control group.
RESULTS: Forty-three patients with PD were demented at follow-up evaluation, equivalent to an incidence rate of 95.3 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI, 68.2 to 122.0). The risk for the development of dementia in patients with PD relative to the control subjects after adjusting for age, sex, and education was 5.9 (95% CI, 3.9 to 9.1). Predictive factors at baseline for dementia in PD in addition to age were Hoehn & Yahr score >2 (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.3 to 8.6) and Mini-Mental State Examination score <29 (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.3 to 8.2).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with PD have an almost sixfold increased risk for becoming demented compared with subjects without PD.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  H. H. Fernandez, R. H. See, M. F. Gary, D. Bowers, R. L. Rodriguez, C. Jacobson IV, and M. S. Okun Depressive Symptoms in Parkinson Disease Correlate With Impaired Global and Specific Cognitive Performance J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, December 1, 2009; 22(4): 223 - 227. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. Parashos, M. L. Johnson, C. Erickson-Davis, and C. L. Wielinski Assessing Cognition in Parkinson Disease: Use of the Cognitive Linguistic Quick Test J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, December 1, 2009; 22(4): 228 - 234. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Y. Uc, M. P. McDermott, K. S. Marder, S. W. Anderson, I. Litvan, P. G. Como, P. Auinger, K. L. Chou, J. C. Growdon, and On behalf of the Parkinson Study Group DATATOP Inv Incidence of and risk factors for cognitive impairment in an early Parkinson disease clinical trial cohort Neurology, November 3, 2009; 73(18): 1469 - 1477. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. H. Williams-Gray, J. R. Evans, A. Goris, T. Foltynie, M. Ban, T. W. Robbins, C. Brayne, B. S. Kolachana, D. R. Weinberger, S. J. Sawcer, et al. The distinct cognitive syndromes of Parkinson's disease: 5 year follow-up of the CamPaIGN cohort Brain, November 1, 2009; 132(11): 2958 - 2969. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. L. Barranco Quintana, M. F. Allam, A. S. Del Castillo, and R. F.-C. Navajas Parkinson's Disease and Tea: A Quantitative Review J. Am. Coll. Nutr., February 1, 2009; 28(1): 1 - 6. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. H. Lee, S. W. Yong, and Y.-S. An Changes in Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Patients with Parkinson Disease with Dementia After Cholinesterase Inhibitor Therapy J. Nucl. Med., December 1, 2008; 49(12): 2006 - 2011. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J Jankovic Parkinson's disease: clinical features and diagnosis J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, April 1, 2008; 79(4): 368 - 376. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. C. Buter, A. van den Hout, F. E. Matthews, J. P. Larsen, C. Brayne, and D. Aarsland Dementia and survival in Parkinson disease: A 12-year population study Neurology, March 25, 2008; 70(13): 1017 - 1022. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D Verbaan, J Marinus, M Visser, S M van Rooden, A M Stiggelbout, H A M Middelkoop, and J J van Hilten Cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, November 1, 2007; 78(11): 1182 - 1187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Levy The Relationship of Parkinson Disease With Aging Arch Neurol, September 1, 2007; 64(9): 1242 - 1246. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. H. Williams-Gray, T. Foltynie, C. E. G. Brayne, T. W. Robbins, and R. A. Barker Evolution of cognitive dysfunction in an incident Parkinson's disease cohort Brain, July 1, 2007; 130(7): 1787 - 1798. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. W. Kurz, A. Melissa Schlitter, Y. Klenk, T. Mueller, J. P. Larsen, D. Aarsland, and G. Dekomien FMR1 Alleles in Parkinson's Disease: Relation to Cognitive Decline and Hallucinations, A Longitudinal Study J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, June 1, 2007; 20(2): 89 - 92. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. K Beyer, C. C Janvin, J. P Larsen, and D. Aarsland A magnetic resonance imaging study of patients with Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment and dementia using voxel-based morphometry J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, March 1, 2007; 78(3): 254 - 259. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S A Molloy, E N Rowan, J T O'Brien, I G McKeith, K Wesnes, and D J Burn Effect of levodopa on cognitive function in Parkinson's disease with and without dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, December 1, 2006; 77(12): 1323 - 1328. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. E. Galvin, J. Pollack, and J. C. Morris Clinical phenotype of Parkinson disease dementia. Neurology, November 14, 2006; 67(9): 1605 - 1611. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Samuel, I. Maidment, M. Boustani, and C. Fox Clinical management of Parkinson's disease dementia: pitfalls and progress Adv. Psychiatr. Treat., March 1, 2006; 12(2): 121 - 129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Y. Uc, M. Rizzo, S. W. Anderson, S. Qian, R. L. Rodnitzky, and J. D. Dawson Visual dysfunction in Parkinson disease without dementia Neurology, December 27, 2005; 65(12): 1907 - 1913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Alves, T. Wentzel-Larsen, D. Aarsland, and J. P. Larsen Progression of motor impairment and disability in Parkinson disease: A population-based study Neurology, November 8, 2005; 65(9): 1436 - 1441. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M J Firbank, S Molloy, I G McKeith, D J Burn, and J T O'Brien Longitudinal change in 99mTcHMPAO cerebral perfusion SPECT in Parkinson's disease over one year J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, October 1, 2005; 76(10): 1448 - 1451. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. C. Janvin, D. Aarsland, and J. P. Larsen Cognitive Predictors of Dementia in Parkinson's Disease: A Community-Based, 4-Year Longitudinal Study J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, September 1, 2005; 18(3): 149 - 154. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. J. Cordato, A. J. Duggins, G. M. Halliday, J. G. L. Morris, and C. Pantelis Clinical deficits correlate with regional cerebral atrophy in progressive supranuclear palsy Brain, June 1, 2005; 128(6): 1259 - 1266. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Summerfield, C. Junque, E. Tolosa, P. Salgado-Pineda, B. Gomez-Anson, M. J. Marti, P. Pastor, B. Ramirez-Ruiz, and J. Mercader Structural Brain Changes in Parkinson Disease With Dementia: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study Arch Neurol, February 1, 2005; 62(2): 281 - 285. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Marsh, J. R. Williams, M. Rocco, S. Grill, C. Munro, and T. M. Dawson Psychiatric comorbidities in patients with Parkinson disease and psychosis Neurology, July 27, 2004; 63(2): 293 - 300. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. T. O'Brien, S. Colloby, J. Fenwick, E. D. Williams, M. Firbank, D. Burn, D. Aarsland, and I. G. McKeith Dopamine Transporter Loss Visualized With FP-CIT SPECT in the Differential Diagnosis of Dementia With Lewy Bodies Arch Neurol, June 1, 2004; 61(6): 919 - 925. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. J. Burton, I. G. McKeith, D. J. Burn, E. D. Williams, and J. T. O'Brien Cerebral atrophy in Parkinson's disease with and without dementia: a comparison with Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and controls Brain, April 1, 2004; 127(4): 791 - 800. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Marinus, M. Visser, N. A. Verwey, F. R.J. Verhey, H. A.M. Middelkoop, A. M. Stiggelbout, and J. J. van Hilten Assessment of cognition in Parkinson's disease Neurology, November 11, 2003; 61(9): 1222 - 1228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B R Thanvi, S K Munshi, N Vijaykumar, and T C N Lo Neuropsychiatric non-motor aspects of Parkinson's disease Postgrad. Med. J., October 1, 2003; 79(936): 561 - 565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Weintraub, P. J. Moberg, J. E. Duda, I. R. Katz, and M. B. Stern Recognition and Treatment of Depression in Parkinson's Disease J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, September 1, 2003; 16(3): 178 - 183. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Aarsland, K. Andersen, J. P. Larsen, and A. Lolk Prevalence and Characteristics of Dementia in Parkinson Disease: An 8-Year Prospective Study Arch Neurol, March 1, 2003; 60(3): 387 - 392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Levy, M.-X. Tang, E.D. Louis, L.J. Cote, B. Alfaro, H. Mejia, Y. Stern, and K. Marder The association of incident dementia with mortality in PD Neurology, December 10, 2002; 59(11): 1708 - 1713. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Green, W.M. McDonald, J.L. Vitek, M. Evatt, A. Freeman, M. Haber, R.A.E. Bakay, S. Triche, B. Sirockman, and M.R. DeLong Cognitive impairments in advanced PD without dementia Neurology, November 12, 2002; 59(9): 1320 - 1324. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D Z Press, D J Mechanic, D Tarsy, and D S Manoach Cognitive slowing in Parkinson's disease resolves after practice J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, November 1, 2002; 73(5): 524 - 528. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Summerfield, B. Gomez-Anson, E. Tolosa, J. M. Mercader, M. J. Marti, P. Pastor, and C. Junque Dementia in Parkinson Disease: A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study Arch Neurol, September 1, 2002; 59(9): 1415 - 1420. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D Aarsland, K Laake, J P Larsen, and C Janvin Donepezil for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: a randomised controlled study J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, June 1, 2002; 72(6): 708 - 712. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Apaydin, J. E. Ahlskog, J. E. Parisi, B. F. Boeve, and D. W. Dickson Parkinson Disease Neuropathology: Later-Developing Dementia and Loss of the Levodopa Response Arch Neurol, January 1, 2002; 59(1): 102 - 112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
