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NEUROLOGY 1998;50:1087-1093
© 1998 American Academy of Neurology

Cerebellum in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

A morphometric MRI study P. C. Berquin, MD, PhD, J. N. Giedd, MD, L. K. Jacobsen, MD, S. D. Hamburger, MA, MS, A. L. Krain, BA, J. L. Rapoport, MD and F. X. Castellanos, MD

From the Child Psychiatry Branch (Drs. Giedd, Rapoport, and Castellanos, and S.D. Hamburger), National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD; the Service de Pédiatrie 1 (Dr. Berquin), CHU Hôpital Nord, Amiens, France; the Department of Psychiatry (Dr. Jacobsen), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; and the Department of Psychology (A.L. Krain), Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr Castellanos, 10 Center Drive, Room 3N202, Bethesda, MD 20892-1600.

Clinical, neuroanatomic, neurobehavioral, and functional brain-imaging studies suggest a role for the cerebellum in cognitive functions, including attention. However, the cerebellum has not been systematically studied in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We quantified the cerebellar and vermal volumes, and the midsagittal areas of three vermal regions, from MRIs of 46 right-handed boys with ADHD and 47 matched healthy controls. Vermal volume was significantly less in the boys with ADHD. This reduction involved mainly the posterior inferior lobe (lobules VIII to X) but not the posterior superior lobe (lobules VI to VII). These results remained significant even after adjustment for brain volume and IQ. A cerebello-thalamo-prefrontal circuit dysfunction may subserve the motor control, inhibition, and executive function deficits encountered in ADHD.

Received February 26, 1997. Accepted in final form November 5, 1997.




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