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Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of age-related changes in the brains of individuals with Down's syndrome

Departments of Neurology (Drs. Kesslak and Lott and S. Nagata), Pediatrics (Dr. Lott), and Radiological Sciences (Dr. Nalcioglu), University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA.

Neuroanatomic characteristics of the brains of individuals with Down's syndrome (DS) are typically characterized at autopsy. Apparent anatomic differences in brain between DS and normal individuals are observable upon gross inspection of MRIs. Area measurements from coronal MRIs are used in this study to determine quantitative structural differences that may occur in DS and during aging. In DS individuals, a significantly larger parahippocampal gyrus, and smaller hippocampus and neocortex, are reported relative to age-matched controls. We also examine two DS individuals with a clinical diagnosis of dementia who exhibit atrophy similar to that typically observed in Alzheimer's disease. MRI appears to be a useful tool for quantitative anatomic analysis and may be beneficial for determining baseline anatomic measures that can be useful in the diagnosis of changes associated with dementia.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. J. Patrick Kesslak, I.R.U. in Brain Aging, Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92717.

Supported by NIA AG 05142 (awarded to O.N. and I.L.).

Received April 5,1993. Accepted for publication in final form December 14, 1993.

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