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Localization of GM1 and Gal(ß1-3)GalNAc antigenic determinants in peripheral nerve

Departments of Pathology (Division of Neuropathology) (Drs. Corbo, Quattrini, and Hays) and Neurology (Drs. Corbo, Quattrini, and Latov), Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY. Drs. M. Corbo and A. Quattrini are from the Department of Neurology of the I.R.C.C.S. S. Raffaele, University of Milan, Italy.

Anti-GM1 antibodies in patients with motor neuropathy or motor neuron disease frequently recognize the Gal(ß1-3)GalNAc epitope, which is shared by several glycoproteins in peripheral nerve. In this study, cholera toxin (CT), which is specific for GM1, and the lectin peanut agglutinin (PNA), which binds to Gal(ß1-3)GalNAc-bearing glycoproteins, were used in tissue section and intraneural injection studies to examine the distribution of GM1 and Gal(ß1-3)GalNAc epitopes in human and rat peripheral nerve by epifluorescence and confocal microscopy. In tissue sections, CT stained the compact myelin in both human and rat nerves, whereas PNA was localized at the outer edge of the myelin sheath or Schwann cell membrane. Following intraneural injection into rat sciatic nerves, both CT and PNA bound to the nodes of Ranvier, although CT was concentrated in the paranodal myelin region whereas PNA was concentrated at the nodal gap. These structures may be targets for anti-GMl antibodies in peripheral nerve.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Norman Latov, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, Black Bldg 3-323, 650 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032.

Supported by a Center Grant from the NIH (NINCDS NS11766) to Columbia University, a grant from the Muscular Dystrophy Association to N.L., and National Science Foundation grants DMB-8515392 and DIR-8908095 to Dr. P.R. Smith at New York University (The authors used Dr. Smith's facility, which was funded.). Dr. Corbo is the recipient of a Research Fellowship from the Muscular Dystrophy Association. Dr. A. Quattrini is the recipient of a Postdoctoral Fellowship from the I.R.C.C.S. S. Raffaele, Milan, Italy.

Received June 18,1992. Accepted for publication in final form August 21,1992.

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