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Departments of Neurology (Drs. Kaplan, Vincent, and Logigian, and M.-E. Meadows) and Medicine (Dr. Steere), Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston, MA.
Lyme encephalopathy, primarily manifested by disturbances in memory, mood, and sleep, is a common late neurologic manifestation of Lyme disease. We compared 20 patients with Lyme encephalopathy with 11 fibromyalgia patients and 11 nonpsychotically depressed patients using the California Verbal Learning Test, Wechsler Memory Scale, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), and Beck Depression Inventory. Compared with patients with fibromyalgia or depression, the Lyme encephalopathy group showed mild, but statistically significant, memory deficits on two of the three memory tests. In contrast, the patients with fibromyalgia scored significantly higher than both other groups on the MMPI scale most sensitive to somatic concerns (scale l), while the depressed patients scored higher than the Lyme patients on the scales most sensitive to depression (scale 2) and anxiety (scale 7). Physical complaints and depression were not major factors in memory performance among Lyme patients. These data support the hypothesis that Lyme encephalopathy is caused by CNS dysfunction and cannot be explained as a psychological response to chronic illness.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. R.F. Kaplan, Department of Neurology, New England Medical Center, Box 314, 750 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111.
Supported in part by grant AR-20358 from the National Institutes of Health.
Received July 31, 1991. Accepted for publication in final form December 30, 1991.
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