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NEUROLOGY 1990;40:74
© 1990 American Academy of Neurology

Combined depth and subdural electrode investigation in uncontrolled epilepsy

Susan S. Spencer, MD, Dennis D. Spencer, MD, Peter D. Williamson, MD and Richard Mattson, MD

Departments of Neurology (Drs. S. Spencer, Williamson, and Mattson) and Surgery (Dr. D. Spencer), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, and VA Medical Center, West Haven, CT.

We used both depth and subdural electrodes to obtain localization of the seizure focus in 47 medically refractory epileptic patients. Seizures were localized in 33 patients. Onset was consistently localized by the depth electrodes in 23 patients, was variable or simultaneous in depth and subdural electrodes in 6 (in the same lobe), and was consistently localized to subdural electrodes in 4. All patients localized with subdural electrodes were extratemporal and 3 of the 4 had lesions on imaging studies which helped guide location of electrode placement. Eighty-seven percent of temporal lobe seizures began in hippocampus (recorded by the depth electrode), and 80% were eventually propagated to the ipsilateral temporal neocortex (recorded by the subdural electrode). In 8 patients with bilateral temporal depth and subdural recording, seizures never spread to the contralateral neocortex before the ipsilateral neocortex. Subdural electrodes were 20% less sensitive than depth electrodes in detection of seizures beginning in hippocampus but were accurate when lateralized. Variable or simultaneous unilateral neocortical versus hippocampal temporal lobe seizure onset, determined by the combined study, was significantly correlated with less favorable seizure control after anteromedial temporal lobectomy and hippocampectomy.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Susan S. Spencer, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510.

Received November 25, 1988. Accepted for publication in final form June 28, 1989.




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