| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Department of Neurology (Drs. Bleecker, Bolla-Wilson, and Kawas), Francis Scott Key Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and the Department of Environmental Health Sciences (Drs. Bleecker and Agnew), Division of Occupational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
Article abstract—We administered the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) to 194 healthy men and women, ages 40 to 89 years. Total score was significantly associated with age (p < 0.0001), but not vocabulary, education, Beck's Depression Inventory Score, or sex. The lowest quartile cutoff scores for the MMSE by decade were 40s –29; 50s –28; 60s –28; 70s –28; and 80s –26. When screening for progressive decline in cognitive performance, the use of age-specific norms may provide greater sensitivity than the present recommended cutoff score of less than 24.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Bleecker, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Francis Scott Key Medical Center, 4940 Eastern Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21224.
Supported by Grant no. 1PO1AG0440301 from the National Institute of Aging.
Received January 11, 1988. Accepted for publication in final form April 12, 1988.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. S. Shiroky, H. M. Schipper, H. Bergman, and H. Chertkow Can You Have Dementia With an MMSE Score of 30? American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias, November 1, 2007; 22(5): 406 - 415. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. A. Boyd, B. M. Quaney, P. S. Pohl, and C. J. Winstein Learning Implicitly: Effects of Task and Severity After Stroke Neurorehabil Neural Repair, October 1, 2007; 21(5): 444 - 454. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Holsinger, J. Deveau, M. Boustani, and J. W. Williams Jr Does This Patient Have Dementia? JAMA, June 6, 2007; 297(21): 2391 - 2404. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S.-F. Sun, C.-W. Hsu, C.-W. Hwang, P.-T. Hsu, J.-L. Wang, and C.-L. Yang Application of Combined Botulinum Toxin Type A and Modified Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy for an Individual With Chronic Upper-Extremity Spasticity After Stroke Physical Therapy, October 1, 2006; 86(10): 1387 - 1397. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Ercoli, P. Siddarth, T. Harrison, E. Jimenez, and L. F. Jarvik Similar Neurocognitive Performance of Adults With and Without a History of Parental Alzheimer's Disease: A Pilot Study J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, December 1, 2005; 18(4): 208 - 212. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. H. Feldman and M. Woodward The staging and assessment of moderate to severe Alzheimer disease Neurology, September 27, 2005; 65(6_suppl_3): S10 - S17. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. N. Lopez, R. A. Charter, B. Mostafavi, L. P. Nibut, and W. E. Smith Psychometric Properties of the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination Assessment, June 1, 2005; 12(2): 137 - 144. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Bonifer and K. M Anderson Application of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy for an Individual With Severe Chronic Upper-Extremity Hemiplegia Physical Therapy, April 1, 2003; 83(4): 384 - 398. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Beblo and M. Driessen No Melancholia in Poststroke Depression? A Phenomenologic Comparison of Primary and Poststroke Depression J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, April 1, 2002; 15(1): 44 - 49. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. J. Podewils and C. G. Lyketsos Tricyclic Antidepressants and Cognitive Decline Psychosomatics, February 1, 2002; 43(1): 31 - 35. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. J. Kolowski and J. Rossiter Driving in Somerset Psychiatr. Bull., August 1, 2000; 24(8): 304 - 306. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Radbruch, R. Sabatowski, G. Loick, I. Jonen-Thielemann, M. Kasper, B. Gondek, K. A Lehmann, and I. Thielemann Cognitive impairment and its influence on pain and symptom assessment in a palliative care unit: development of a Minimal Documentation System Palliative Medicine, June 1, 2000; 14(4): 266 - 276. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. C. Dodel, Y. Du, K. R. Bales, F. Gao, B. Eastwood, B. Glazier, R. Zimmer, B. Cordell, A. Hake, R. Evans, et al. {alpha}2 Macroglobulin and the risk of Alzheimer's disease Neurology, January 25, 2000; 54(2): 438 - 438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Ouvrier, J. Hendy, L. Bornholt, and F. H. Black SYSTEMS: School-Years Screening Test for the Evaluation of Mental Status J Child Neurol, December 1, 1999; 14(12): 772 - 780. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. S. Oken, S. S. Kishiyama, J. A. Kaye, and D. E. Jones Age-Related Differences in Global- Local Processing: Stability of Laterality Differences but Disproportionate Impairment in Global Processing J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, July 1, 1999; 12(2): 76 - 81. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Grigoletto, G. Zappala, D. W. Anderson, and B. D. Lebowitz Norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination in a healthy population Neurology, July 1, 1999; 53(2): 315 - 315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. M. Dean and R. B. Shepherd Task-Related Training Improves Performance of Seated Reaching Tasks After Stroke : A Randomized Controlled Trial Stroke, April 1, 1997; 28(4): 722 - 728. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. G. Antuono, Mentane Study Group, P. G. Antuono, J. Ravanelli-Meyer, J. Beyer, W. A. Brown, J. Cordoza, D. Guilmette, S. R. Cohen, C. J. Hirsch, et al. Effectiveness and Safety of Velnacrine for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: A Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Study Arch Intern Med, September 11, 1995; 155(16): 1766 - 1772. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. Nadler, N. R. Relkin, M. S. Cohen, R. A. Hodder, J. Reingold, and F. Plum Mental Status Testing in the Elderly Nursing Home Population J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, July 1, 1995; 8(3): 177 - 183. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H.-C. Liu, E. L. Teng, K.-N. Lin, T.-C. Hsu, N.-W. Guo, P. Chou, H.-H. Hu, W.-N. Cheng, and B. N. Chiang Performance on a Dementia Screening Test in Relation to Demographic Variables: Study of 5297 Community Residents in Taiwan Arch Neurol, September 1, 1994; 51(9): 910 - 915. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. S. Oken, S. S. Kishiyama, and J. A. Kaye Age-Related Differences in Visual Search Task Performance: Relative Stability of Parallel but not Serial Search J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, July 1, 1994; 7(3): 163 - 168. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Crum, J. C. Anthony, S. S. Bassett, and M. F. Folstein Population-Based Norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination by Age and Educational Level JAMA, May 12, 1993; 269(18): 2386 - 2391. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Koivisto, E.-L. Helkala, K. J. Reinikainen, T. Hanninen, L. Mykkanen, M. Laakso, K. Pyorarala, and P. J. Riekkinen Population-Based Dementia Screening Program in Kuopio: The Effect of Education, Age, and Sex on Brief Neuropsychological Tests J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, July 1, 1992; 5(3): 162 - 171. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Kokmen, G. E. Smith, R. C. Petersen, E. Tangalos, and R. C. Ivnik The Short Test of Mental Status: Correlations With Standardized Psychometric Testing Arch Neurol, July 1, 1991; 48(7): 725 - 728. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Currie, B. Ramsden, C. McArthur, and P. Maruff Validation of a Clinical Antisaccadic Eye Movement Test in the Assessment of Dementia Arch Neurol, June 1, 1991; 48(6): 644 - 648. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
