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NEUROLOGY 1985;35:1475
© 1985 American Academy of Neurology

Central nervous system toxicity with high-dose Ara-C

Te-Long Hwang, MD, W.K. Alfred Yung, MD, Elihu H. Estey, MD and William S. Fields, MD

From the Departments of Neuro-Oncology and Hematology, University of Texas System Cancer Center, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Houston, TX.

We evaluated the CNS complications in 118 adults with acute leukemia who received IV high-dose Ara-C therapy. Fourteen (12%) had cerebellar signs, encephalopathy, seizures, or leukoencephalopathy. Symptoms usually occurred within 24 hours after the last treatment. Patients receiving a cumulative dose in excess of 24 g/m2 had more severe or irreversible symptoms. After lower cumulative doses, symptoms often resolved even though treatment was continued. The incidence of CNS complications of high-dose Ara-C is acceptable and is potentially reversible if appropriate precautions are taken.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Yung, Department of Neuro-Oncology, M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, 6723 Bertner Avenue, Box 118, Houston, TX 77030.

Presented in part at the thirty-sixth annual meeting of the American Academy of Neurology, Boston, MA, April 1984.

Accepted for publication January 28, 1985.




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