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NEUROLOGY 1983;33:283
© 1983 American Academy of Neurology

Primdone, phenobarbital, and PEMA

I. Seizure protection, neurotoxicity, and therapeutic index of individual compounds in mice

B.F.D. Bourgeois, MD, W. E. Dodson, MD and J. A. Ferrendelli, MD

Division of Clinical Neuropharmacology, the Department of Neurology and Neurological Surgery (Neurology), the Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, and the Department of Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, and the Division of Pediatric Neurology, St. Louis Children's Hospital.

Neurotoxicity and protection against maximal electroshock and Metrazol seizures from primidone (PRM), phenobarbital (PB), and phenylethylmalonamide (PEMA) were determined in mice for each drug separately and expressed in terms of brain concentrations. Compared with PB, PEMA was 16 times less potent against electroshock and Metrazol seizures but only 8 times less toxic. Primidone was markedly less neurotoxic than PB and equally potent against electroshock, but PRM had no effect against Metrazol or bicuculline. PRM is a relatively nontoxic anticonvulsant with a different action than PB, and PEMA is both a weak and a relatively toxic anticonvulsant.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Dodson, St. Louis Children's Hospital, 500 S. Kingshighway, P.O. Box 14871, St. Louis, MO 63178.

Supported in part by NIH Grants Nos. RR-00954 and NS-14834. Dr. Bourgeois is the recipient of a Merritt-Putnam Clinical Research Fellowship of the Epilepsy Foundation of America.

Accepted for publication June 24, 1982.






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